Egypt Travel Guide 2024: Ultimate Guide to Transport & Attractions

A country rich in history and culture, Egypt has always been a popular tourist destination. With a population of over 104 million people (as of 2024) and an area of ​​1 million square kilometers, the country offers an astonishing variety of attractions. Whether you want to explore the historical sites of Luxor, the vibrant streets of Cairo or the coral reefs of the Red Sea, a well-thought-out transportation plan is crucial for a successful trip. In this comprehensive guide, you’ll find all the essential information about transportation, distances and itineraries to get the most out of your Egypt adventure in 2024.

1. Egypt’s geography and main destinations

The geographical diversity of Egypt ranges from the fertile banks of the Nile to the desert areas in the west and the coastal regions on the Mediterranean and Red Sea. The most popular destinations are:

  • Cairo : The capital and home of the Pyramids of Giza, the Egyptian Museum and the famous Khan El-Khalili bazaar.
  • Luxor : Known as the largest open-air museum in the world with the Valley of the Kings, Luxor Temple and Karnak Temple.
  • Aswan : A gateway to the Nubian Empire, famous for the Aswan Dam and the Philae Temples.
  • Hurghada and Sharm El-Sheikh : Top destinations for beach and diving holidaymakers with access to the coral reefs of the Red Sea.
  • Alexandria : A historic coastal city with a rich Greco-Roman history.

2. Main routes and means of transport in Egypt

a. Air travel: fast and comfortable

Egypt has an extensive network of domestic flights operated by airlines such as EgyptAir and Nile Air . The main airports in the country are:

  • Cairo Airport (CAI) : The largest airport with international and domestic connections.
  • Hurghada Airport (HRG) and Sharm El-Sheikh Airport (SSH) : Important for tourists visiting the Red Sea.
  • Luxor Airport (LXR) and Aswan (ASW) : access to the ancient sites along the Nile.

A domestic flight from Cairo to Luxor takes about 1 hour and costs between 100 and 150 euros, depending on the season. For travelers with little time, the plane is the most efficient means of transport, especially for longer routes such as Cairo-Sharm El-Sheikh or Cairo-Aswan.

b. Railway: Relaxed and historic

The Egyptian railway system is one of the oldest in the world and stretches over 5,000 kilometers. The most important routes for tourists are:

  • Cairo – Alexandria : A modern route that takes about 2 to 3 hours. Ticket prices range from 5 to 15 euros depending on the class.
  • Cairo – Luxor – Aswan : The scenic route along the Nile takes about 9-10 hours to Luxor and 12-14 hours to Aswan. Sleeping cars are available and cost between 60 and 100 euros.

The trains offer a range of comfort levels, including air-conditioned compartments and sleeper cars on longer routes. Travelling by train is not only a comfortable way to travel, but also an opportunity to experience the Egyptian countryside up close.

c. Buses: Affordable and versatile

Buses are a common and inexpensive means of transport in Egypt, with major companies such as Go Bus and SuperJet offering regular services between the main cities:

  • Cairo – Hurghada : The journey takes about 6 hours and costs between 10 and 20 euros.
  • Cairo – Sharm El-Sheikh : A 7-hour trip through the Suez Canal, costing 15 to 25 euros.

The buses are usually air-conditioned and offer amenities such as comfortable seats and Wi-Fi. For longer distances, intercity buses are often used, which are safe and comfortable.

d. Taxis and ridesharing: flexible and convenient

In cities like Cairo and Alexandria, taxis and ridesharing services like Uber and Careem are the most convenient way to get around. While taxis are cheaper (an average ride in Cairo costs around 2-5 euros), ridesharing services offer the advantage of price transparency and can be conveniently booked via an app.

In more rural areas and smaller towns, taxis are often the only option available. It is advisable to negotiate the price in advance.

e. Rental car: For the adventurous

For travelers who want to get off the beaten track, renting a car is an option. Rental cars in Egypt cost between 30 and 70 euros per day. However, keep in mind that traffic in Egypt, especially in Cairo, can be chaotic and that local traffic rules are often flexible.

3. Itineraries and distances

A crucial aspect when planning your trip to Egypt is knowing the distances between the main attractions and cities:

  • Cairo – Giza Pyramids : About 20 km, reachable by car or taxi in 30-45 minutes.
  • Cairo – Alexandria : About 220 km, 2-3 hours by train or car.
  • Cairo – Luxor : About 650 km, 1 hour by plane or 9-10 hours by train.
  • Luxor – Aswan : About 220 km, 3-4 hours by train or car.
  • Cairo – Hurghada : About 450 km, 1 hour by plane or 6 hours by bus.
  • Hurghada – Luxor : About 300 km, 4-5 hours by car or bus.

For example, for a 14-day trip you could plan the following route:

  1. Cairo (3 days): Pyramids of Giza, Egyptian Museum, Khan El-Khalili
  2. Luxor (3 days): Valley of the Kings, Karnak Temple, Luxor Temple
  3. Aswan (2 days): Philae Temple, Aswan High Dam, Nubian Village
  4. Hurghada (3 days): Diving in the Red Sea, Giftun Islands, desert safari
  5. Cairo (3 days): Old Cairo, Citadel of Saladin

4. Inner-city mobility

a. Cairo

Cairo is known for its heavy traffic. The metro is the most efficient means of transport in the city and connects important parts of the city. There are three lines that run daily from 5 a.m. to midnight. A metro ticket costs less than 1 euro.

In recent years, modern bus services have been introduced that are comfortable and air-conditioned. For shorter journeys, tuk-tuks are available in the outskirts and are a cost-effective alternative.

b. Other cities

In cities like Alexandria, Luxor and Aswan, taxis and minibuses are the main means of transport. In Alexandria, there is a historic tram that offers a unique experience for less than 1 euro per ride.

5. Important travel advice for tourists

  • Safety : Egypt is generally safe, however you should be aware of your surroundings and avoid crowded places. Police presence is heavy in tourist areas.
  • Best time to travel : The optimal time to travel is from October to April, when temperatures are pleasant (between 20 and 30 degrees Celsius).
  • Cash : In most places, payment in Egyptian pounds is required. Credit cards are accepted in hotels, larger restaurants and shops, but it is advisable to always carry cash for transport costs and purchases in local markets.
  • Travel documents : Check current visa requirements and make sure your passport is valid for at least six months beyond your planned return date.

Conclusion

Egypt is a land of contrasts and opportunities. Whether you’re interested in its ancient wonders, natural beauties or cultural heritage, a well-planned itinerary and understanding of local transportation are key to an unforgettable experience. With this guide, you’ll be well prepared to explore Egypt in all its glory in 2024.